Parmi les revendications des médecins libéraux actuellement en grève figure le doublement du tarif de la consultation, pour encourager l’installation en ville et « éviter la fuite vers des pratiques plus attractives ».
Par Romain Imbach
Le collectif Médecins pour demain et plusieurs syndicats appellent à fermer les cabinets des médecins libéraux, depuis lundi 26 décembre jusqu’au lundi 2 janvier. La précédente mobilisation, les 1er et 2 décembre, avait entraîné une baisse d’activité de l’ordre de 30 % chez les généralistes, selon l’Assurance-maladie. Le collectif prévoit une journée de manifestation nationale à Paris le 5 janvier.
Leur principale revendication est le doublement du tarif de la consultation de base (passant de 25 à 50 euros) afin de créer un « choc d’attractivité pour que les jeunes médecins s’installent en médecine libérale » et d’« éviter également la fuite vers des pratiques plus attractives, moins contraignantes » ou à « l’étranger ». Des mesures incitatives fortes sont également demandées pour réduire les déserts médicaux vers une médecine de ville en manque d’effectifs.
Depuis dix ans, le nombre de médecins généralistes exerçant exclusivement en cabinet a chuté de 11 %, passant de 64 142 en 2012 à 57 033 au 1er janvier 2022. Dans le même temps, le nombre de généralistes pratiquant à la fois en cabinet et à l’hôpital a presque doublé (de 4 780 à 8 437), ce qui a limité la baisse de l’ensemble des généralistes exerçant en cabinet à 5 % sur les dix dernières années.
Depuis 10 ans, une érosion constante des généralistes libéraux
Effectifs des médecins généralistes selon leur pratique, au 1er janvier de chaque année
Created with Highcharts 6.1.1Exclusivement libéraleMixte (libérale et hospitalière)Hospitalière (salariée)Autre pratique salariée
require(['//s1.lemde.fr/assets-redaction/js/grumpycharts/highcharts-6-1-1.js'], function() { Highcharts.setOptions({ lang: { decimalPoint: ',', thousandsSep: ' ', months: ['janvier', 'février', 'mars', 'avril', 'mai', 'juin', 'juillet', 'août', 'septembre', 'octobre', 'novembre', 'décembre'], shortMonths: [ 'jan.' , 'fév.' , 'mars' , 'avr.' , 'mai' , 'juin' , 'juil.' , 'août' , 'sept.' , 'oct.' , 'nov.' , 'déc.'], weekdays: ['Dimanche', 'Lundi', 'Mardi', 'Mercredi', 'Jeudi', 'Vendredi', 'Samedi'], noData: 'Pas de données à afficher', numericSymbols: [null, 'M', 'G', 'T', 'P', 'E'] } }); var chart = new Highcharts.Chart( { "title": { "text": " ", "style": { "color": "transparent" } }, "chart": { "type": "column", "description": "", "backgroundColor": "rgba(255,255,255,0)", "borderRadius": 0, "alignTicks": false, "spacingTop": 30, "spacingBottom": 10, "spacingLeft": 10, "spacingRight": 10, "style": { "fontFamily": "Marr Sans,Helvetica,Arial!important", "fontSize": "13px" }, "renderTo": "d_graph_1672152978" }, "plotOptions": { "series": { "stacking": "normal", "marker": { "fillColor": "#FFF", "enabled": true, "radius": 3, "symbol": "circle", "lineWidth": 2, "lineColor": null, "states": { "hover": { "lineWidth": 2, "lineWidthPlus": 0, "radiusPlus": 1 } } }, "dataLabels": { "style": { "textOutline": "0.25px contrast", "fontSize": "12px", "zIndex": "-1", "letterSpacing": "0.25" }, "useHTML": true }, "connectNulls": true, "fillOpacity": 0.2, "states": { "hover": { "enabled": true, "lineWidth": 0, "lineWidthPlus": 0 } } }, "colorByPoint": false, "column": { "animation": { "duration": 0 } } }, "yAxis": [ { "title": { "text": "" }, "labels": { "format": "{value:,.0f}", "space": true, "y": -3, "x": 5, "align": "left", "useHTML": true, "zIndex": -1, "step": 1, "style": { "color": "#2A303", "whiteSpace": "nowrap", "fontSize": "12px", "align": "right" }, "formatter": function () { let val_tick = this.value; if (this.chart.yAxis[0].userOptions.labels.space == true) val_tick = val_tick.toString().replace(/\B(?=(\d{3})+(?!\d))/g, " ").replace(".", ",") + this.chart.yAxis[0].userOptions.labels.format.replace("{value:,.0f}", " ").replace("{value}", " "); if (this.axis.paddedTicks.indexOf(this.value) % 2 != 0) return val_tick }
},
"min": null,
"startOnTick": true,
"max": 105000.0,
"endOnTick": true,
"type": "linear",
"reversed": "",
"plotLines": [
{
"value": "",
"label": {
"text": "",
"align": "left",
"rotation": "0",
"useHTML": false,
"x": 5,
"style": {
"color": "#ccc"
}
},
"color": "#ccc",
"width": "",
"zIndex": 5
}
],
"plotBands": [
{
"from": "",
"to": "",
"label": {
"text": "",
"align": "left",
"verticalAlign": "top",
"rotation": "0",
"useHTML": false,
"textAlign": "",
"x": "",
"y": -5
},
"color": null,
"zIndex": -1
}
],
"offset": 50,
"tickLength": 50,
"tickWidth": 1,
"tickPosition": "inside",
"opposite": false,
"id": "0",
"alignTicks": true,
"showFirstLabel": true,
"lineWidth": 0,
"gridZIndex": -1
}
],
"xAxis": {
"title": {
"text": ""
},
"labels": {
"format": "{value}",
"step": "",
"formatdt": "%Y",
"space": false,
"useHTML": true,
"zIndex": -1,
"padding": 30,
"autoRotation": [
0,
-40,
-60,
-80
],
"style": {
"color": "#2A303",
"fontSize": "12px"
}
},
"type": "linear",
"plotLines": [
{
"value": "",
"label": {
"text": "",
"textAlign": "left",
"verticalAlign": "top",
"rotation": "90",
"useHTML": false,
"x": 5,
"y": 12,
"style": {
"color": "#ccc"
}
},
"color": "#ccc",
"width": "",
"zIndex": 5
}
],
"plotBands": [
{
"from": "",
"to": "",
"label": {
"text": "",
"align": "left",
"verticalAlign": "top",
"rotation": "90",
"useHTML": false,
"textAlign": "",
"x": "",
"y": 10,
"zIndex": -1
},
"color": null,
"zIndex": -10
}
],
"categories": [
"2012",
"2013",
"2014",
"2015",
"2016",
"2017",
"2018",
"2019",
"2020",
"2021",
"2022"
],
"lineColor": "#2E3942",
"tickLength": 7,
"lineWidth": 1
},
"tooltip": {
"valuePrefix": "",
"valueSuffix": "",
"valueDecimals": "",
"xDateFormat": "",
"style": {
"color": "#16212c",
"font-family": "'Marr Sans',Helvetica,Arial!important",
"opacity": 1
},
"shared": "",
"title": "",
"content": "",
"annot": "",
"useHTML": true,
"backgroundColor": "rgba(255,255,255,1)",
"borderColor": "#E2E4E9",
"borderRadius": 0,
"borderWidth": 1,
"shadow": false,
"hideDelay": 200,
"headerFormat": "{point.key}
",
"pointFormat": "\u25cf {series.name} : {point.y}
",
"formatter": function(tooltip) {
str = tooltip.defaultFormatter.call(this, tooltip) var new_str = ""; for (let i = 0; i < str.length; i++) new_str += str[i]; return ("
") }
}, "legend": { "enabled": "1", "reversed": "1", "layout": "horizontal", "verticalAlign": "top", "align": "left", "margin": 40, "y": -30, "x": 0, "itemStyle": { "fontSize": 13, "font-family": "'Marr Sans',Helvetica,arial", "fontWeight": "normal", "color": "#2A303B" }, "itemMarginBottom": 10 }, "dark": true, "series": [ { "stack": "null", "name": "Autre pratique salari\u00e9e", "lineWidth": 2, "color": "#c3ced0", "type": "", "yAxis": "0", "visible": true, "dataLabels": { "enabled": false }, "step": "", "data": [ [ 15550.0, "#c3ced0", "pt0", true, false ], [ 15318.0, "#c3ced0", "pt1", false, false ], [ 15393.0, "#c3ced0", "pt2", false, false ], [ 15471.0, "#c3ced0", "pt3", false, false ], [ 15530.0, "#c3ced0", "pt4", false, false ], [ 15542.0, "#c3ced0", "pt5", false, false ], [ 15531.0, "#c3ced0", "pt6", false, false ], [ 15458.0, "#c3ced0", "pt7", false, false ], [ 15549.0, "#c3ced0", "pt8", false, false ], [ 15693.0, "#c3ced0", "pt9", false, false ], [ 15532.0, "#c3ced0", "pt10", true, false ] ], "keys": [ "y", "color", "id", "marker.enabled", "dataLabels.enabled" ] }, { "stack": "null", "name": "Hospitali\u00e8re (salari\u00e9e)", "lineWidth": 2, "color": "#a2dce7", "type": "", "yAxis": "0", "visible": true, "dataLabels": { "enabled": false }, "step": "", "data": [ [ 16963.0, "#a2dce7", "pt11", true, false ], [ 17394.0, "#a2dce7", "pt12", false, false ], [ 17676.0, "#a2dce7", "pt13", false, false ], [ 17947.0, "#a2dce7", "pt14", false, false ], [ 18253.0, "#a2dce7", "pt15", false, false ], [ 18605.0, "#a2dce7", "pt16", false, false ], [ 18982.0, "#a2dce7", "pt17", false, false ], [ 19152.0, "#a2dce7", "pt18", false, false ], [ 19172.0, "#a2dce7", "pt19", false, false ], [ 19030.0, "#a2dce7", "pt20", false, false ], [ 18939.0, "#a2dce7", "pt21", true, false ] ], "keys": [ "y", "color", "id", "marker.enabled", "dataLabels.enabled" ] }, { "stack": "null", "name": "Mixte (libérale et hospitalière)", "lineWidth": 2, "color": "#e099ff", "type": "", "yAxis": "0", "visible": true, "dataLabels": { "enabled": false }, "step": "", "data": [ [ 4780.0, "#e099ff", "pt22", true, false ], [ 5614.0, "#e099ff", "pt23", false, false ], [ 6248.0, "#e099ff", "pt24", false, false ], [ 6716.0, "#e099ff", "pt25", false, false ], [ 7119.0, "#e099ff", "pt26", false, false ], [ 7632.0, "#e099ff", "pt27", false, false ], [ 7797.0, "#e099ff", "pt28", false, false ], [ 8023.0, "#e099ff", "pt29", false, false ], [ 8141.0, "#e099ff", "pt30", false, false ], [ 8365.0, "#e099ff", "pt31", false, false ], [ 8437.0, "#e099ff", "pt32", true, false ] ], "keys": [ "y", "color", "id", "marker.enabled", "dataLabels.enabled" ] }, { "stack": "null", "name": "Exclusivement lib\u00e9rale", "lineWidth": 2, "color": "#aa57f7", "type": "", "yAxis": "0", "visible": true, "dataLabels": { "enabled": false }, "step": "", "data": [ [ 64142.0, "#aa57f7", "pt33", true, false ], [ 63059.0, "#aa57f7", "pt34", false, false ], [ 62587.0, "#aa57f7", "pt35", false, false ], [ 61801.0, "#aa57f7", "pt36", false, false ], [ 60897.0, "#aa57f7", "pt37", false, false ], [ 59976.0, "#aa57f7", "pt38", false, false ], [ 59629.0, "#aa57f7", "pt39", false, false ], [ 58748.0, "#aa57f7", "pt40", false, false ], [ 58493.0, "#aa57f7", "pt41", false, false ], [ 57533.0, "#aa57f7", "pt42", false, false ], [ 57033.0, "#aa57f7", "pt43", true, false ] ], "keys": [ "y", "color", "id", "marker.enabled", "dataLabels.enabled" ] } ], "accessibility": { "enabled": true }, "exporting": { "enabled": false }, "credits": { "enabled": false } } ); });
Une étude récente de l’Association nationale des étudiants en médecine de France (Anemf) témoigne « d’une perte d’attractivité majeure pour la (…) médecine générale » ; parmi les étudiants qui s’étaient orientés vers celle-ci, plus d’un sur deux (50,4 %) remettent ce choix en question, et 7,7 % l’abandonnent.
84 médecins pour 100 000 habitants, contre 102 en 2012
Alors que la population française continue à croître, et à vieillir, depuis 2012, la densité de généraliste est en constant recul, passant de 101,7 à 84,34 médecins exerçant exclusivement en cabinet pour 100 000 habitants, et de 109,28 à 96,82 médecins pour 100 000 habitants en intégrant les généralistes pratiquant en cabinet et à l’hôpital.
La densité de médecins de ville en fort recul
Nombre de généralistes libéraux pour 100 000 habitants, au 1er janvier de chaque année
Created with Highcharts 6.1.1Pratique exclusivement libéralePratique mixte
require(['//s1.lemde.fr/assets-redaction/js/grumpycharts/highcharts-6-1-1.js'], function() { Highcharts.setOptions({ lang: { decimalPoint: ',', thousandsSep: ' ', months: ['janvier', 'février', 'mars', 'avril', 'mai', 'juin', 'juillet', 'août', 'septembre', 'octobre', 'novembre', 'décembre'], shortMonths: [ 'jan.' , 'fév.' , 'mars' , 'avr.' , 'mai' , 'juin' , 'juil.' , 'août' , 'sept.' , 'oct.' , 'nov.' , 'déc.'], weekdays: ['Dimanche', 'Lundi', 'Mardi', 'Mercredi', 'Jeudi', 'Vendredi', 'Samedi'], noData: 'Pas de données à afficher', numericSymbols: [null, 'M', 'G', 'T', 'P', 'E'] } }); var chart = new Highcharts.Chart( { "title": { "text": " ", "style": { "color": "transparent" } }, "chart": { "type": "areaspline", "description": "", "backgroundColor": "rgba(255,255,255,0)", "borderRadius": 0, "alignTicks": false, "spacingTop": 30, "spacingBottom": 10, "spacingLeft": 10, "spacingRight": 10, "style": { "fontFamily": "Marr Sans,Helvetica,Arial!important", "fontSize": "13px" }, "renderTo": "d_graph_1672155240" }, "plotOptions": { "series": { "stacking": "normal", "marker": { "fillColor": "#FFF", "enabled": true, "radius": 3, "symbol": "circle", "lineWidth": 2, "lineColor": null, "states": { "hover": { "lineWidth": 2, "lineWidthPlus": 0, "radiusPlus": 1 } } }, "dataLabels": { "style": { "textOutline": "0.25px contrast", "fontSize": "12px", "zIndex": "-1", "letterSpacing": "0.25" }, "useHTML": true }, "connectNulls": true, "fillOpacity": 0.2, "states": { "hover": { "enabled": true, "lineWidth": 0, "lineWidthPlus": 0 } } }, "colorByPoint": false, "areaspline": { "animation": { "duration": 0 } } }, "yAxis": [ { "title": { "text": "" }, "labels": { "format": "{value:,.0f}", "space": true, "y": -3, "x": 5, "align": "left", "useHTML": true, "zIndex": -1, "step": 1, "style": { "color": "#2A303", "whiteSpace": "nowrap", "fontSize": "12px", "align": "right" }, "formatter": function () { let val_tick = this.value; if (this.chart.yAxis[0].userOptions.labels.space == true) val_tick = val_tick.toString().replace(/\B(?=(\d{3})+(?!\d))/g, " ").replace(".", ",") + this.chart.yAxis[0].userOptions.labels.format.replace("{value:,.0f}", " ").replace("{value}", " "); if (this.axis.paddedTicks.indexOf(this.value) % 2 != 0) return val_tick }
},
"min": null,
"startOnTick": true,
"max": null,
"endOnTick": true,
"type": "linear",
"reversed": "",
"plotLines": [
{
"value": "",
"label": {
"text": "",
"align": "left",
"rotation": "0",
"useHTML": false,
"x": 5,
"style": {
"color": "#ccc"
}
},
"color": "#ccc",
"width": "",
"zIndex": 5
}
],
"plotBands": [
{
"from": "",
"to": "",
"label": {
"text": "",
"align": "left",
"verticalAlign": "top",
"rotation": "0",
"useHTML": false,
"textAlign": "",
"x": "",
"y": -5
},
"color": null,
"zIndex": -1
}
],
"offset": 50,
"tickLength": 50,
"tickWidth": 1,
"tickPosition": "inside",
"opposite": false,
"id": "0",
"alignTicks": true,
"showFirstLabel": true,
"lineWidth": 0,
"gridZIndex": -1
}
],
"xAxis": {
"title": {
"text": ""
},
"labels": {
"format": "{value}",
"step": "",
"formatdt": "%Y",
"space": false,
"useHTML": true,
"zIndex": -1,
"padding": 30,
"autoRotation": [
0,
-40,
-60,
-80
],
"style": {
"color": "#2A303",
"fontSize": "12px"
}
},
"type": "linear",
"plotLines": [
{
"value": "",
"label": {
"text": "",
"textAlign": "left",
"verticalAlign": "top",
"rotation": "90",
"useHTML": false,
"x": 5,
"y": 12,
"style": {
"color": "#ccc"
}
},
"color": "#ccc",
"width": "",
"zIndex": 5
}
],
"plotBands": [
{
"from": "",
"to": "",
"label": {
"text": "",
"align": "left",
"verticalAlign": "top",
"rotation": "90",
"useHTML": false,
"textAlign": "",
"x": "",
"y": 10,
"zIndex": -1
},
"color": null,
"zIndex": -10
}
],
"categories": [
"2012",
"2013",
"2014",
"2015",
"2016",
"2017",
"2018",
"2019",
"2020",
"2021",
"2022"
],
"lineColor": "#2E3942",
"tickLength": 7,
"lineWidth": 1
},
"tooltip": {
"valuePrefix": "",
"valueSuffix": " g\u00e9n\u00e9ralistes pour 100\u00a0000 hab.",
"valueDecimals": "",
"xDateFormat": "",
"style": {
"color": "#16212c",
"font-family": "'Marr Sans',Helvetica,Arial!important",
"opacity": 1
},
"shared": "",
"title": "",
"content": "",
"annot": "",
"useHTML": true,
"backgroundColor": "rgba(255,255,255,1)",
"borderColor": "#E2E4E9",
"borderRadius": 0,
"borderWidth": 1,
"shadow": false,
"hideDelay": 200,
"headerFormat": "{point.key}
",
"pointFormat": "\u25cf {series.name} : {point.y}
",
"formatter": function(tooltip) {
str = tooltip.defaultFormatter.call(this, tooltip) var new_str = ""; for (let i = 0; i < str.length; i++) new_str += str[i]; return ("
") }
}, "legend": { "enabled": "1", "reversed": "1", "layout": "horizontal", "verticalAlign": "top", "align": "left", "margin": 40, "y": -30, "x": 0, "itemStyle": { "fontSize": 13, "font-family": "'Marr Sans',Helvetica,arial", "fontWeight": "normal", "color": "#2A303B" }, "itemMarginBottom": 10 }, "dark": true, "series": [ { "stack": "null", "name": "Pratique mixte", "lineWidth": 2, "color": "#decaf7", "type": "", "yAxis": "0", "visible": true, "dataLabels": { "enabled": false }, "step": "", "data": [ [ 7.58, "#decaf7", "pt0", true, false ], [ 8.58, "#decaf7", "pt1", false, false ], [ 9.5, "#decaf7", "pt2", false, false ], [ 10.17, "#decaf7", "pt3", false, false ], [ 10.72, "#decaf7", "pt4", false, false ], [ 11.44, "#decaf7", "pt5", false, false ], [ 11.65, "#decaf7", "pt6", false, false ], [ 11.99, "#decaf7", "pt7", false, false ], [ 12.1, "#decaf7", "pt8", false, false ], [ 12.4, "#decaf7", "pt9", false, false ], [ 12.48, "#decaf7", "pt10", true, false ] ], "keys": [ "y", "color", "id", "marker.enabled", "dataLabels.enabled" ] }, { "stack": "null", "name": "Pratique exclusivement lib\u00e9rale", "lineWidth": 2, "color": "#e099ff", "type": "", "yAxis": "0", "visible": true, "dataLabels": { "enabled": false }, "step": "", "data": [ [ 101.7, "#e099ff", "pt11", true, false ], [ 96.33, "#e099ff", "pt12", false, false ], [ 95.18, "#e099ff", "pt13", false, false ], [ 93.62, "#e099ff", "pt14", false, false ], [ 91.74, "#e099ff", "pt15", false, false ], [ 89.88, "#e099ff", "pt16", false, false ], [ 89.06, "#e099ff", "pt17", false, false ], [ 87.83, "#e099ff", "pt18", false, false ], [ 86.97, "#e099ff", "pt19", false, false ], [ 85.29, "#e099ff", "pt20", false, false ], [ 84.34, "#e099ff", "pt21", true, false ] ], "keys": [ "y", "color", "id", "marker.enabled", "dataLabels.enabled" ] } ], "accessibility": { "enabled": true }, "exporting": { "enabled": false }, "credits": { "enabled": false } } ); });
Du côté des autres spécialités, le constat est similaire, bien que moins marqué, avec une baisse de 8,2 % des spécialistes pratiquant exclusivement en ville, qui se réduit à 4 % en intégrant les spécialistes exerçant à la fois en ville et à l’hôpital.
Davantage de spécialistes en dix ans, mais toujours moins de libéraux
Effectifs des médecins spécialistes (hors médecine générale) selon leur pratique, au 1er janvier de chaque année
Created with Highcharts 6.1.1Exclusivement libéraleMixte (libérale et hospitalière)Hospitalière (salariée)Autre pratique salariée
require(['//s1.lemde.fr/assets-redaction/js/grumpycharts/highcharts-6-1-1.js'], function() { Highcharts.setOptions({ lang: { decimalPoint: ',', thousandsSep: ' ', months: ['janvier', 'février', 'mars', 'avril', 'mai', 'juin', 'juillet', 'août', 'septembre', 'octobre', 'novembre', 'décembre'], shortMonths: [ 'jan.' , 'fév.' , 'mars' , 'avr.' , 'mai' , 'juin' , 'juil.' , 'août' , 'sept.' , 'oct.' , 'nov.' , 'déc.'], weekdays: ['Dimanche', 'Lundi', 'Mardi', 'Mercredi', 'Jeudi', 'Vendredi', 'Samedi'], noData: 'Pas de données à afficher', numericSymbols: [null, 'M', 'G', 'T', 'P', 'E'] } }); var chart = new Highcharts.Chart( { "title": { "text": " ", "style": { "color": "transparent" } }, "chart": { "type": "column", "description": "", "backgroundColor": "rgba(255,255,255,0)", "borderRadius": 0, "alignTicks": false, "spacingTop": 30, "spacingBottom": 10, "spacingLeft": 10, "spacingRight": 10, "style": { "fontFamily": "Marr Sans,Helvetica,Arial!important", "fontSize": "13px" }, "renderTo": "d_graph_1672223218" }, "plotOptions": { "series": { "stacking": "normal", "marker": { "fillColor": "#FFF", "enabled": true, "radius": 3, "symbol": "circle", "lineWidth": 2, "lineColor": null, "states": { "hover": { "lineWidth": 2, "lineWidthPlus": 0, "radiusPlus": 1 } } }, "dataLabels": { "style": { "textOutline": "0.25px contrast", "fontSize": "12px", "zIndex": "-1", "letterSpacing": "0.25" }, "useHTML": true }, "connectNulls": true, "fillOpacity": 0.2, "states": { "hover": { "enabled": true, "lineWidth": 0, "lineWidthPlus": 0 } } }, "colorByPoint": false, "column": { "animation": { "duration": 0 } } }, "yAxis": [ { "title": { "text": "" }, "labels": { "format": "{value:,.0f}", "space": true, "y": -3, "x": 5, "align": "left", "useHTML": true, "zIndex": -1, "step": 1, "style": { "color": "#2A303", "whiteSpace": "nowrap", "fontSize": "12px", "align": "right" }, "formatter": function () { let val_tick = this.value; if (this.chart.yAxis[0].userOptions.labels.space == true) val_tick = val_tick.toString().replace(/\B(?=(\d{3})+(?!\d))/g, " ").replace(".", ",") + this.chart.yAxis[0].userOptions.labels.format.replace("{value:,.0f}", " ").replace("{value}", " "); if (this.axis.paddedTicks.indexOf(this.value) % 2 != 0) return val_tick }
},
"min": null,
"startOnTick": true,
"max": null,
"endOnTick": true,
"type": "linear",
"reversed": "",
"plotLines": [
{
"value": "",
"label": {
"text": "",
"align": "left",
"rotation": "0",
"useHTML": false,
"x": 5,
"style": {
"color": "#ccc"
}
},
"color": "#ccc",
"width": "",
"zIndex": 5
}
],
"plotBands": [
{
"from": "",
"to": "",
"label": {
"text": "",
"align": "left",
"verticalAlign": "top",
"rotation": "0",
"useHTML": false,
"textAlign": "",
"x": "",
"y": -5
},
"color": null,
"zIndex": -1
}
],
"offset": 50,
"tickLength": 50,
"tickWidth": 1,
"tickPosition": "inside",
"opposite": false,
"id": "0",
"alignTicks": true,
"showFirstLabel": true,
"lineWidth": 0,
"gridZIndex": -1
}
],
"xAxis": {
"title": {
"text": ""
},
"labels": {
"format": "{value}",
"step": "",
"formatdt": "%Y",
"space": false,
"useHTML": true,
"zIndex": -1,
"padding": 30,
"autoRotation": [
0,
-40,
-60,
-80
],
"style": {
"color": "#2A303",
"fontSize": "12px"
}
},
"type": "linear",
"plotLines": [
{
"value": "",
"label": {
"text": "",
"textAlign": "left",
"verticalAlign": "top",
"rotation": "90",
"useHTML": false,
"x": 5,
"y": 12,
"style": {
"color": "#ccc"
}
},
"color": "#ccc",
"width": "",
"zIndex": 5
}
],
"plotBands": [
{
"from": "",
"to": "",
"label": {
"text": "",
"align": "left",
"verticalAlign": "top",
"rotation": "90",
"useHTML": false,
"textAlign": "",
"x": "",
"y": 10,
"zIndex": -1
},
"color": null,
"zIndex": -10
}
],
"categories": [
"2012",
"2013",
"2014",
"2015",
"2016",
"2017",
"2018",
"2019",
"2020",
"2021",
"2022"
],
"lineColor": "#2E3942",
"tickLength": 7,
"lineWidth": 1
},
"tooltip": {
"valuePrefix": "",
"valueSuffix": "",
"valueDecimals": "",
"xDateFormat": "",
"style": {
"color": "#16212c",
"font-family": "'Marr Sans',Helvetica,Arial!important",
"opacity": 1
},
"shared": "",
"title": "",
"content": "",
"annot": "",
"useHTML": true,
"backgroundColor": "rgba(255,255,255,1)",
"borderColor": "#E2E4E9",
"borderRadius": 0,
"borderWidth": 1,
"shadow": false,
"hideDelay": 200,
"headerFormat": "{point.key}
",
"pointFormat": "\u25cf {series.name} : {point.y}
",
"formatter": function(tooltip) {
str = tooltip.defaultFormatter.call(this, tooltip) var new_str = ""; for (let i = 0; i < str.length; i++) new_str += str[i]; return ("
") }
}, "legend": { "enabled": "1", "reversed": "1", "layout": "horizontal", "verticalAlign": "top", "align": "left", "margin": 40, "y": -30, "x": 0, "itemStyle": { "fontSize": 13, "font-family": "'Marr Sans',Helvetica,arial", "fontWeight": "normal", "color": "#2A303B" }, "itemMarginBottom": 10 }, "dark": true, "series": [ { "stack": "null", "name": "Autre pratique salari\u00e9e", "lineWidth": 2, "color": "#c3ced0", "type": "", "yAxis": "0", "visible": true, "dataLabels": { "enabled": false }, "step": "", "data": [ [ 10974.0, "#c3ced0", "pt0", true, false ], [ 10875.0, "#c3ced0", "pt1", false, false ], [ 11038.0, "#c3ced0", "pt2", false, false ], [ 11117.0, "#c3ced0", "pt3", false, false ], [ 11400.0, "#c3ced0", "pt4", false, false ], [ 11461.0, "#c3ced0", "pt5", false, false ], [ 11735.0, "#c3ced0", "pt6", false, false ], [ 12007.0, "#c3ced0", "pt7", false, false ], [ 12343.0, "#c3ced0", "pt8", false, false ], [ 12735.0, "#c3ced0", "pt9", false, false ], [ 13003.0, "#c3ced0", "pt10", true, false ] ], "keys": [ "y", "color", "id", "marker.enabled", "dataLabels.enabled" ] }, { "stack": "null", "name": "Hospitali\u00e8re (salari\u00e9e)", "lineWidth": 2, "color": "#A2DCE7", "type": "", "yAxis": "0", "visible": true, "dataLabels": { "enabled": false }, "step": "", "data": [ [ 43854.0, "", "pt11", true, false ], [ 44989.0, "", "pt12", false, false ], [ 45902.0, "", "pt13", false, false ], [ 47184.0, "", "pt14", false, false ], [ 48438.0, "", "pt15", false, false ], [ 49555.0, "", "pt16", false, false ], [ 50509.0, "", "pt17", false, false ], [ 50807.0, "", "pt18", false, false ], [ 51632.0, "", "pt19", false, false ], [ 52590.0, "", "pt20", false, false ], [ 53874.0, "", "pt21", true, false ] ], "keys": [ "y", "color", "id", "marker.enabled", "dataLabels.enabled" ] }, { "stack": "null", "name": "Mixte (lib\u00e9rale et hospitali\u00e8re)", "lineWidth": 2, "color": "#e099ff", "type": "", "yAxis": "0", "visible": true, "dataLabels": { "enabled": false }, "step": "", "data": [ [ 12740.0, "#e099ff", "pt22", true, false ], [ 14325.0, "#e099ff", "pt23", false, false ], [ 15275.0, "#e099ff", "pt24", false, false ], [ 15943.0, "#e099ff", "pt25", false, false ], [ 16559.0, "#e099ff", "pt26", false, false ], [ 17900.0, "#e099ff", "pt27", false, false ], [ 18085.0, "#e099ff", "pt28", false, false ], [ 18521.0, "#e099ff", "pt29", false, false ], [ 19060.0, "#e099ff", "pt30", false, false ], [ 19105.0, "#e099ff", "pt31", false, false ], [ 18974.0, "#e099ff", "pt32", true, false ] ], "keys": [ "y", "color", "id", "marker.enabled", "dataLabels.enabled" ] }, { "stack": "null", "name": "Exclusivement lib\u00e9rale", "lineWidth": 2, "color": "#aa57f7", "type": "", "yAxis": "0", "visible": true, "dataLabels": { "enabled": false }, "step": "", "data": [ [ 46927.0, "#aa57f7", "pt33", true, false ], [ 46024.0, "#aa57f7", "pt34", false, false ], [ 45447.0, "#aa57f7", "pt35", false, false ], [ 44822.0, "#aa57f7", "pt36", false, false ], [ 44257.0, "#aa57f7", "pt37", false, false ], [ 43068.0, "#aa57f7", "pt38", false, false ], [ 42778.0, "#aa57f7", "pt39", false, false ], [ 42348.0, "#aa57f7", "pt40", false, false ], [ 42908.0, "#aa57f7", "pt41", false, false ], [ 42895.0, "#aa57f7", "pt42", false, false ], [ 43066.0, "#aa57f7", "pt43", true, false ] ], "keys": [ "y", "color", "id", "marker.enabled", "dataLabels.enabled" ] } ], "accessibility": { "enabled": true }, "exporting": { "enabled": false }, "credits": { "enabled": false } } ); });
La Direction de la recherche, des études, de l’évaluation et des statistiques a publié une étude en mars 2021 sur la démographie médicale d’ici à 2050. Elle confirme une raréfaction de la pratique libérale depuis 2012, au profit d’un exercice mixte ou exclusivement salarié. En prenant l’hypothèse que ces comportements se poursuivent et à politiques législatives constantes (nombre de médecins formés par an et arrivée de médecins étrangers), le modèle prévoit une stagnation des effectifs jusqu’en 2030, avant une hausse assez importante jusqu’en 2050 : « Cette hausse se traduirait en partie par l’augmentation de l’exercice salarié, qui est le mode d’exercice à l’installation le plus souvent choisi par les médecins nouvellement diplômés. » La projection fait état de 63 683 généralistes libéraux en 2030, 75 760 en 2040 et 89 007 à l’horizon 2050.
Mais, en raison de l’accroissement de population, la baisse de la densité médicale se poursuivra jusqu’au milieu des années 2030, avant de retrouver son niveau actuel. De plus, cette baisse s’accompagnera d’une « hausse des besoins de soins induite par le vieillissement de la population », ajoute l’étude. La densité médicale devrait ensuite repartir à la hausse et dépasser le niveau de densité actuel de 23 % en 2050.
Romain Imbach
Poster un Commentaire